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The Greenhouse Effect




Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s near-surface air and oceans since the mid-20th century and its projected continuation. The causes of the recent warming are an active field of research. The scientific consensus is that the increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases due to human activity caused most of the warming observed since the start of the industrial era, and the observed warming cannot be satisfactorily explained by natural causes alone. This attribution is clearest for the most recent 50 years, being the period most of the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations took place and for which the most complete measurements exist.

The greenhouse effect was discovered by Joseph Fourier in 1824 and first investigated quantitatively by Svante Arrhenius in 1896. It is the process by which absorption and emission of infrared radiation by atmospheric gases warm a planet’s lower atmosphere and surface. Existence of the greenhouse effect as such is not disputed. The question is instead how the strength of the greenhouse effect changes when human activity increases the atmospheric concentrations of particular greenhouse gases. Naturally occurring greenhouse gases have a mean warming effect of about 33 °C (59 °F), without which Earth would be uninhabitable. On Earth the major greenhouse gases are water vapor, which causes about 36–70 percent of the greenhouse effect (not including clouds); carbon dioxide (CO2), which causes 9–26 percent; methane (CH4), which causes 4–9 percent; and ozone, which causes 3–7 percent.

source : classge.wordpress.com/.../explanation-text/

my comment ; the greenhouse effect we should immediately press the action wise. because the more severe the situation will harm living things on earth.
other than the state of earth will be more heat, much makhuk also threatened with death because they do not stand a drastic change in natural conditions.

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The Pros and Cons of School Uniform

School uniforms are dress codes that are determined by the teaching institutions and students has to follow the designed code obediently everyday. Many people believe that school uniforms should be applied but the others don't.
Uniforms have various advantages for both the family and the child. A united school apparel can relief a financial stress of the backs of many families. As kids tend to compete and imitate each other, the race of following new trends in fashion or, providing different attire for every school day is considered a financial burden, not every family can afford it.
Additionally, a uniform creates a sense of equality between all pupils. Young kids tend to judge others according to their look and what they wear. Uniting their school attire will draw their attention to other criteria and, the only advantage of one student over another would be personality, academic achievement or being good at sports.
On the other hand, as repetition can lead to boredom, children can get frustrated of wearing same thing to school every day. Also, prevent their first steps of individuality by taking away their right to choose what to wear on their own free well.
In conclusion, I believe uniforms aren’t meant to suppress the creativity or freedom of children. It helps redirecting kids’ creativity towards more important things than outer look, and waive financial burden of their families.

Note: This example of discussion text about the pros and cons of school uniform is adapted from http://www.english-test.net/forum/ftopic40618.html

my comment :
I think uniforms are not too important. although it was used for the identity of the school but will more importantly how these students perform and behave well in school and community.
there was no difference in class if all the citizens of the school have a high sense of belonging.

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The Frog Prince The Brothers Grimm

There was once a handsome young prince who had the misfortune to offend a wicked fairy. To avenge herself she turned him into an ugly frog and put him into a well.

Now it happened that the well was in the courtyard of a king's palace and on fine days, when the sun shone warmly, the king's youngest daughter sometimes came there to amuse herself by tossing a golden ball high into the air and catching it as it fell. The poor frog watched her running to and fro in the sunshine. He thought she was the prettiest princess he had ever seen.
One day, the princess threw the ball up so high that when she stretched out her hand to catch it the ball bounced on the stones and fell with a splash into the water. She ran to the edge of the well and gazed down. But the golden ball had sunk far, far out of sight. Only a little ring of bubbles showed her where it had disappeared. She began to cry bitterly.
The frog popped his head out of the water. "Don't cry, Princess!" he said.
"What will you give me if I bring your ball from the bottom of the well?"
"Oh, I will give you anything I have," replied the princess. "My pretty pearls, my diamonds—even my crown. Only please bring my ball back to me!"
"I do not want your pearls or your diamonds or your crown," said the frog. "But if you will promise to love me, and let me eat from your plate, and drink out of your cup, and sleep on your bed, I will bring your ball safely back to you."
And the princess promised. For she said to herself, "What a silly frog! As if he could ever get out of the well and walk all the way to the palace! He will never find me."
The frog dove to the bottom of the well and presently came up with the golden ball in his mouth.
The princess had no sooner snatched it from him than she forgot all about her promise and ran back to the palace laughing with joy.
The next day, as she sat at dinner with the king and his courtiers, something came flopping up the great staircase—flip flap, flip flap!
And a voice said:
"From the deep and mossy well,
Little princess, where I dwell,
When you wept in grief and pain
I brought your golden ball again."
The princess dropped her spoon with a clatter on her plate, for she knew it was the frog who had come to claim her promise.
"What is the matter, daughter?" asked the king. "There is someone knocking at the door and your rosy cheeks are quite pale."
Then the princess had to tell her father all that had happened the day before how she had dropped her golden ball into the well, and how the frog had brought it up for her, and of the promises she had given him.
The king frowned and said, "People who make promises must keep them. Open the door and let the frog come in."
The princess opened the door very unwillingly and the poor frog hopped into the room, looking up into her face with his ugly little eyes.

"Lift me up beside you," he cried, "that I may eat from your plate and drink out of your cup." The princess did as he asked her and was obliged to finish her dinner with the frog beside her, for the king sat by to see that she fulfilled her promise. When they had finished, the frog said, "I have had enough to eat. Now I am tired. Take me up and lay me on your pillow, that I may go to sleep."
Then the princess began to cry. It was so dreadful to think that an ugly frog, all cold and damp from the well, should sleep in her pretty white bed.
But her father frowned again and said, "People who make promises must keep them. He gave you back your golden ball and you must do as he asks."
So the princess picked the frog up between her thumb and finger, not touching him more than she could help, and carried him upstairs and put him on the pillow on her bed. There he slept all night long. As soon as it was light he jumped up, hopped downstairs, and went out of the palace.
Now, thought the princess, he is gone and I shall be troubled with him no more.
But she was mistaken, for when night came again she heard tapping at the door of her bedroom. When she opened it, the frog came in and slept upon her pillow as before until the morning broke. The third night he did the same. But when the princess awoke the following morning, she was astonished to see, instead of the frog, a handsome prince standing at the head of her bed. He was gazing at her with the most beautiful eyes that ever were seen.
He told her that he had been enchanted by a wicked fairy, who had changed him into the form of a frog, in which he was fated to remain until a princess let him sleep upon her bed for three nights.
"You," said the prince, "have broken this cruel spell and .now I have nothing to wish for but that you should go with me to my father's kingdom, where I will marry you and love you as long as you live."
The princess took him to her father and he gave his consent for them to marry. As they spoke a splendid carriage drove up with eight beautiful horses decked with plumes of feathers and golden harness. Behind rode the prince's servant, who had bewailed the misfortune of his dear master so long and so bitterly that his heart had almost burst. Then all set out full of joy for the prince's kingdom. There they arrived safely and lived happily ever after.

from : www.childrenstory.info

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Passive Voice Remidial


A.    Change into passive voice

1.      Mrs. K asked them to pay the school fee in time
They were asked to pay the school fee by Mrs.K.
2.      Should we do the remedial test in a piece of paper?
Should the remedial test be done in a piece of paper?
3.      You must not forget write your name.
Your name must not be forgotten to write.
4.      Are you speaking English during the English class?
Is English being spoken during the English class?
5.      She crossed the answer several time
The answers were crossed several times.
6.      We have finish doing our task before other students.
Our task has been finished doing before other students.
7.      Will you be waiting for them all day long?
Will they be being waited for all day long?
8.      We celebrated 47th anniversary of our school yesterday.
The 47th anniversary of our school was celebrated by us yesterday.
9.      They were having dinner when the suddenly the stove exploded
Dinner was being had when suddenly the stove exploded.
10.  The teacher had punish them for something they did not do.
They had been punished for something they did not do.
11.  We are invited for lunch by the headmaster.
The headmaster invites us for lunch.
12.  Many students are being given the English remedial test by Mr. T
Mr.T is giving many students the English remedial test.
13.  Was English being studied diligently by them last night.
Were they studying English diligently last night.
14.  This test has been being finish in 45 minutes by the students.
The students have finished this test in 45 minutes.
15.  Have they been being taught math by Mr. Good for three years.
Has Mr.Good been teaching math them for three years.

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Passive Voice Test


A. Change to passive voice
1.      Mr T tell us to close our notebooks
We are told to close our notebooks.
2.      We must write this test in a piece of paper
This test must be written in a piece of paper.
3.      I should not forget my name too
My name should not be forgotten too.
4.      The Student speak English during in the class
English is spoken during the English class.
5.      Did anyone ask any question about me?
Were any question asked about me?
6.      I cannot do this test during the time given
This test can't be done during the time given.
7.      We have been waiting for him all day long
He has been being waited all day long.
8.      Mr jack has invited you to lunch tomorrow
You have been invited to lunch tomorrow.
9.      The students did not do this English test easily
The English test was not done easily.
10.  Must you check the answer before you gift it back?
Before you given it back, you must be checked the answer.
11.  We are doing the passive test in multimedia room
The answer test is being done by us in multimedia room.
12.  Would you join the remedial test if you got bad mark again?
Would the remidial test be joined if you got bad mark again?
B. Change into active voice
13.  The white board has been cleaned by you
You have cleaned the whiteboard.
14.  the interview will be done in this room
We will do the interview in this room.
15.  English was being studied diligently by them last night
The were studying diligently last night.
16.  This test must be finish in 45 minutes by the students
The student must finish this test in 45 minutes.
17.  We have being tauth math by Mr. Sus for three years
Mr.Sus has been teaching math for three years.
18.  Will the coming UAN test be being faced by you in the month of april?
Will you be facing UAN in the month of April?
19.  The vocabulary book should be submitted by us this morning
We should submit the vocabulary book this morning.
20.  Batik shirts must be worn by students on friday
The student must wear batik shirt on Friday.
C. Change into passive Voice
21.  Mr. Fajar is showing us his new blog
a. We were being shown his new blog.
b. His new blog is being shown to us.
22. They will be asking her several Quastion
a. She will being asked several question from them.
b. several question will be being asked to her.
23. Mrs nanik has been reading them another story
a. They have been being read another story by Mrs. Nanik.
b. anoter story has been being read to them.
24.Does he tell  you the new lawof Archimedes?
a. is the new law of Archimedes told to you by him?
b. Are you have been told the new law of Archimedes by him?
25. We should have given him our new projects before he came here?
a.he should have been given our new projects before he came here?
b. our new projects should have been given to him before he came here?

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Korupsi adalah Pelanggaran HAM

Indonesia, merupakan negara ke tiga terkorup di dunia. Mengejutkan memang, sebagai negara yang mayoritas penduduknya beragama Islam, Indonesia menjadi sorotan dunia tentang hal ini. Pemerintah sendiri dalam mengatasi masalah terpelik di negara ini masih belum menunjukkan hasil yang maksimal. Justru selama ini yang mengungkap kasus-kasus korupsi adalah LSM-LSM, malahan beberapa waktu yang lalu, salah satu anggota LSM terkemuka di Indonesia yang mengawasi khusus masalah korupsi, ICW (Indonesian Corruption Watch) mendapat pengakuan internasional atas jasanya mengungkap kasus korupsi yang dilakukan oleh KPU (Komisi Pemilihan Umum). Sebenarnya masih banyak lagi kasus korupsi di negara ini yang belum terungkap, dari korupsi puluhan juta sampai trilyunan rupiah.
Pemerintah telah merumuskan UU Anti Korupsi yang terdiri dari empat unsur penting, yaitu unsur penyalahgunaan wewenang, unsur memperkaya diri sendiri atau korporasi, unsur merugikan keuangan negara dan unsur pelanggaran hukum. Kalau terjadi tindak korupsi, pelakunya langsung bisa dijerat dengan tuduhan atas empat unsur tersebut. Adapun pengertian lain tentang korupsi dirumuskan oleh Robert Klitgaard. Klitgaard merumuskan bahwa korupsi terjadi karena kekuasaan dan kewenangan tidak diimbangi dengan akuntabilitas (pertanggung jawaban), sehingga dapat dirumuskan:
C = M + D - A
Corruption = Monopoli + Diskresi - Akuntabilitas.
Sekarang masalahnya apakah korupsi yang terjadi sekarang ini termasuk pelanggaran HAM? Apalagi sekarang ini orang-orang sedang sibuk membicarakan masalah HAM, ada suatu perkara sedikit, langsung lapor ke Komnas HAM. Sebegitu mudahnya mereka membicarakan HAM, sedangkan hakikat HAM sendiri mereka tidak mengerti.

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Celine Dion - Because You Love Me

For all those times you stood by me
For all the truth that you made me see
For all the joy you brought to my life
For all the wrong that you made right
For every dream you made come true
For all the love I found in you
I’ll be forever thankful baby
You’re the one who held me up
Never let me fall
You’re the one who saw me through through it all

You were my strength when I was weak
You were my voice when I couldn’t speak
You were my eyes when I couldn’t see
You saw the best there was in me
Lifted me up when I couldn’t reach
You gave me faith ’coz you believed
I’m everything I am
Because you loved me

You gave me wings and made me fly
You touched my hand I could touch the sky
I lost my faith, you gave it back to me
You said no star was out of reach
You stood by me and I stood tall
I had your love I had it all
I’m grateful for each day you gave me
Maybe I don’t know that much
But I know this much is true
I was blessed because I was loved by you

You were my strength when I was weak
You were my voice when I couldn’t speak
You were my eyes when I couldn’t see
You saw the best there was in me
Lifted me up when I couldn’t reach
You gave me faith ’coz you believed
I’m everything I am
Because you loved me

You were always there for me
The tender wind that carried me
A light in the dark shining your love into my life
You’ve been my inspiration
Through the lies you were the truth
My world is a better place because of you

You were my strength when I was weak
You were my voice when I couldn’t speak
You were my eyes when I couldn’t see
You saw the best there was in me
Lifted me up when I couldn’t reach
You gave me faith ’coz you believed
I’m everything I am
Because you loved me

You were my strength when I was weak
You were my voice when I couldn’t speak
You were my eyes when I couldn’t see
You saw the best there was in me
Lifted me up when I couldn’t reach
You gave me faith ’coz you believed
I’m everything I am
Because you loved me

I’m everything I am
Because you loved me

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